Heater



` Maieh'z, 1945.

T. c. cHEAsLEY I 2,371,950 w HEATER Y Filed June 21, 1941 s sheets-sheet 1. o Y. 5119.1. 6

` Y ,''fg. 2. f u 65 l 6/ I I l 1 i V I Y 10 ,u l i ,49'

` I 5 2z? 2% .3 4? Y 34 5 *l z 3o anims 2 a la 5 '2 9 maw lMarch.20, 1'945. T. c. cHEAsLEY j r2,371,950 I HEATER Filed June 21, 1941 s sheets-sheet 2 INVENTR v Mouv , ATToRNi-:Y

Patented Mar. 20, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE f agr/:1,950y

`HEATER Thomas C. Cheasley, Kansas City, Mo. Application Juno 21, 1941,'s'eria1 No. 399,113

s claims. (o1. 12e- 77)` This invention lrelates to heaters of the magazine type and wherein fuel is caused to burn from the bottom to coke and distill gases from the fuel in the upper portion of the magazine. In heaters of this character it is difcult to supply an adequate amount of air to the upper portion of the magazine, and particularly the space 'over the top of the magazine, to effect combustion of the gases and any smoke that may arise directly from the fuel, since most of the air is utilized before it reaches the upper portion of the heater.

It is, therefore, a principal object of the present invention to provide a heater of this character wherein a supplementary supply of air is passed directly across the top of the magazine to effect more thorough burning. of the products of combustion in the upper portion of the heater.

Other objects of the invention are to provide for preheating the supplementary air supply; to provide the heater with means for diverting the draft to retard discharge of the spent prod- Fig. 911s a similar section on the line 9--9 of vFigJl.

. Fig. 10 is a fragmentary horizontal section on the line III- I of Fig'. 4.

Fig. ll is a detail perspective view of the lower flue connection.

Referring more in detail to the drawings:

I designates a heater constructed in accord- .I ance with the present invention, and which inucts of combustion, thereby obtaining a more ef-l v cient heater; and to provide a down-draft flue for the spent products of combustion located in heat exchange relation with the supplementary air supply.

It is also an object of the invention tov provide a simple and relatively inexpensive structure for directing the secondary air supply.

In accomplishing these and other objects 0f the invention, as hereinafter pointeclout, I have provided improved structure, the prefrred form of which is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig.'1 is a perspective view of a heater ernbodying the features of the present invention, outer portions thereof being broken away to better illustrate the interior construction.

cludes" a base 2 supported from the vfloor by legs aand having a top 4 forming the bottom ofjan ash compartment '5. Carried' on the base is a 'jacket or'casing 6 formed' of sheetl closed at the upper end by a top 'I. 'I'he top I has a door opening 8 at the front thereof, closed by a door 9 through which a magazine I0 is charged with fuel.

Supported-by the casing, and forming the top of the ash compartment,'is a grate 'assembly II including an outer ring section I2 having a notched inner periphery to form a plurality of air passagewaysl3 circumferentially of an inner gra-te section I4 having openings I5 cooperating with the passageways I3 for passing primary air directly through the magazine for Ipromotingburning of the choke, as later described. The

inner grate section has a central opening I6 across l which is slidably mounted a shaker plate I1. The shaker' plate is `manipulated by a forwardly Aextending arm I8, having an apertured end I9- adapted to be engaged by a p'oker 'or the likefor reciprocating-the plate to discharge ashes .from the magazine into the compartment 5.

Formed at opposite diametrical I2 are substantially arcuate slots 20 for passing air to refractory nues 2l and 22, later de? scribed. Flow of air through the slots 20 is controlled by substantially arcuate shaped shut- Fig. 2 is a vertical section through one side of the heater. Fig. 3 is a detail sectional perspective .view of the shutter for controlling the air supply used in eect'ing combustion of the evolved gases.

Fig. 4 is a. vertical section through the heater..

on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of vone of the refractory iiues.

Fig. 6 isa perspective view of the refractory forming the supplementary airsupply and down draft ducts. Fig. 'l is a perspective view of the hood or bafile for directing the supplementary air supply and controlling directional movement of the I burning gases in the upper portion of the heater. Fig. 8 is a cross-section through the heater on the line 9 9 of Fig. 4.

ters 23 slidably supported by guide lugs 24`be1ow the under face of the ring I2, the shutters 23 be'` ing -provided with arcuate openings 25 adapted toy register with the slots 20. when in full open position. The shutters are manipulated by levers 26 having` exterior handle portions 21 operable through slots 28 ofthe casing.

AThe heater casing is provided adjacentv each of the refractoryflues with an arcuate liner 29 extending from the 'grate assembly II to the upper portion ofthe casing for protecting the' relatively thin metal casing from the heat of the ga's burning in the refractory flues. The intermediate lower part of the casing is lined with refractory elements 30 having ends 3i provided with flanges 32 overlappingthe side edges of the liners 29.` The refractory elements 39 may be formed of one or more sections with the adjacent edges of the sections provided with ship-lap metall and' sides of the ring v Joints as indicated at as in Fig. 9. supported on the refractory elements 30v are upper refractory elements 34 of similar design but preferably formed of thinner material so as to provide a more ready transfer of heat through the casing of the heater. The refractory elements 3U at the back of the heater are shown of greater length formed in the heater top 1, the opening of the n 'ue connection 63 being controlled by a damper trated in Fig. 5 and each includes a substantially .flat body portion 36, having vertically spaced lugs 3l and 38 projecting from the respective sides-thereof to form a series of spaces 39 for the inlet of gases into the ue, which are evolved from the fuel as later described. The

lugs also -project from the inner faces of the dues A to space the body portions thereof from the liners t and form vertical passageways d@ extending from. the grate ring to a point below the top of the heater casing. The side portions of the fines, below the spacing lugs, have Afianges @i `and d2 to abut against the liners 29.

The upper ends of the refractory iiues are cut away, as at d3, to' cooperate with the member 3d in forming inclined seats to support a baiiie plate eid. The member 'e5 is also formed of refractory material and includes a channel-shaped edy portion 35, having side anges Ad5 and l? engaging the rear-refractory eterne-nts il@ and cooperating therewith in forming a down-draft passageway da. Formed on the front of the channel-like body, and preferably integrally therewith, is a coextensive vertically arranged air duct terminating under the baille dii. The upper ends of the flangesvi and di are also cut away to accommodate the slope of the bams dd. The bame d@ includes a substantially semicircular 6B so that when the opening is closed by the damper, the spent products of combustion will be diverted downwardly through the passageway 48 for discharge through the lower flue connection 53 to the pipe 6 i. The front of the ash compartment has an opening d closed by a door 66 provided with the usual draft control damper 6l, wherethrough air is admitted to the ash compartment for edecting combustion of the fuel.

In using a heater constructed and assembled as described, a fire is kindled on the grate and a sucientamount of fuel 'is charged in the magazine through the door opening 8 so as to form a good bed of coals. .When the fire is first started, the damper 5d is opened to provide maximum draft through the heater lto heat the refractory ducts @t and da, and chimney. The magazine is then filled with fuel substantially to the top of the supplementary air supply duct 3.9. The damper S55 is thenclosed to divert the products of combustion through the duct d8 and maintain the required temperature of the air duct dii. As the re burns, the fuel is converted into coke which is consumed in the lower portion of the magazine, and the ashes are discharged into the ash compartment. The gases evolved incidental to coking of the fuel pass through. the evenings il@ into the flue passageway dd, wherein ie'gas burns upon Contact with the air, forming a ,ornbustible mixture, the supply of air being regulated by adjustment of the shutters 23 so as to maintain proper combustion. Smoke and plate-like body 5B, having a, notch-like opening 5i registering with the' down-draft passageway dd and,provided across the front Aside with an upwardly and 'rearwardly extending iange 52, as best shown in Figs. 4 and 7, the flange 52 being located below the rear upper edge of the door opening to direct the fuel into the niaga-v zine and prevent piling .thereof on top of the baille. All of the refractories just described are supported-upon the outer ring section l2 of the grate, but a portion of the lower end of the meinber 35extends through the'grate to connect directly with the ash compartment 5. In order to deliver the heated air passing through the duct 59 over the bed of solid'fuel and to forma better mixture with the gases evolved, the baffle d@ has a duct $9 on'the under side of the platelike body 5B 'which connects with the duct i9 and discharges the heated air into the combustion chamber 65.

Supported in the ash compartment, and havirig shouldered connection with the lower end of the -member 35, is a refractory ue connection 53 forming a' continuation of the passageway et and having an outlet opening 513 lconnected with an opening 55 formed in the lower end of the heater casing. Connected with the exterior of the casing, in registering relation with the operiing 55, is an e1bow56 that is provided with a clean-out door 57. The elbow is turned so that the outlet 58 extends upwardly and connects by a pipe 59 with a tee 60, which in turn is connected to the smoke pipe 5l adapted to connect with a chimney (not shown). The branch B2 of the tee connects with a flue connection E53 a portion of the gases, particularly those evolved in theupper portion oi the magazine, pass upwardly over the baffle and are `discharged through the upper or lower hue connections, depending upon the position of the damper Ordinarily the smoke and gases in the upper part' are not provided with an adeguate supply ci air, so that they are discharged unbuined from the heater. However, with the present construction, a supplementary supply of air is delivered to the under side of the baffle by way of the duct d@ and is directed by the duct dit into contact with the smoke and gases in an upper combustion chamber Sii so that by the time they pass over the baiile they'are ignited and only spent products ci combustion are discharged through the flue connections. In addition to preheating the supplementary air passing upwardly throughI the duct B in promoting burning of the gases, the down-draft provides a check in controlling the burning rate of the fuel. The primary air supporting burning of the fuel in the bottom of the magazine is supplied directly through the grate, as in conventional practice, the amount of air being diverted through the refractoryl ues and through the duct t9, depending upon the adjustment of the shutters 23, all of the air being controlled by the dampers Sil and di to regulate the burning rate of the fuel. A

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A heater including, a casing having an ashv compartment and means for admitting air to the ash compartment, means forming a fuel magazine in the casing, a flue substantially coextensive with the side of the magazine and having connection with the ash compartment to supply combustion supporting air for gases evolved in the burning of fuel in the magazine and having an outlet above the magazine, a duct separate from the ue and extending from the ash compartment tothe upper portion of the magazine for supplying supplementary fair to the upper'por-l tion of the magazine, means for selectively controlling fiow of air through said flue, a baille extending across the top of the magazine and below the outlet of said flue for retarding gases rising through the magazine for mixture with said supplementary air separately of gases discharged partment, a fuel magazine supported above the grate, a ilue substantially coextensive with the side of the magazine and having connection with the ash compartment to supply combustion supporting air and provide a combustion chamber for gases evolved in the burning of fuel inthe means for selectively controlling 'now of air through said nue, andl a down-draft nue asso elated with said duct for discharge of spent products of combustionfrom said heater.

3. A heater including, a casing havingupperA and llower ue connections, an ash compartment 4in the casing, means" for admitting air to the ash compartment, means forming a fuel magazine in the casing, a ilue substantially coextensive with the side of the magazine and having connection with the ash compartment to supply combustion supporting air and provide a combustion chamber for gases evolved in the burning of fuel in the magazine, a duct separate from the flue and extending from' the ash compartment to the upper portion of the magazine for supplying supplementary air, means for selectively controlling flow of air through said nue, a down-draft flue associated with said duct and connected with the lower flue connection, 'a baille extending across the magazine on the side adjacent the down-draft ilue and separating dis charge outlets of said mst-named ilue and duct to eiect combustion of gases rising directly from f trom the magazine, duct means extending vertically of the magazine for supplying combustion supporting air and providing a combustion chamber, said duct having openings from the'magatrolling directional movement -of gases issuing zine into the combustion chamber of said duct f forA passing gases evolved in burning of fuel inv the lower portion of the magazine and having an outlet substantially at the top of the Amagazine for discharging spent products of combustion fromthe combustion chamber, and a duct having imperforate walls substantially oo extensive with the magazine and having a discharge opening under said baille for supplyin supplementary air for mixture-with any gases rising directly through the magazine. l

5. A heater including, a casingvhaving an ash conIlpaii-,men't and means for admitting airl to the ash compartment, means forming a fuel mag- 4azine in` the casing, a flue located vwithin the magazine at one side thereof and having connection with the ash compartment to supply .combustion supporting air and provide a combustion 'chamber said flue having openings for admitting gases into said flue which are evolved in the .burning of the fuel in the lower portion of the magazine and having an outlet into an upper combustion chamber above the magazine, a duct separate from the flue and extending from the ash compartment to the upper portion ofthe magazine for supplying supplementary air, a bafile extending transversely across the magazine' and separating said upper portion of the maga,

zine from the upper combustion chamber, and

means for selectively controlling ilow" of air through said nue.

6. A heater including, a casing, a grate inthe casing, means. supported above the grate to form a fuel magazine'in the casing, an upwardly and inwardly sloping bame covering a portion of the topof said magazine for controlling directional4 movement of thev gases rising directly through said magazine.' a flue extending vertically of the magazine and connected with an air supply space below the grate for supplying' combustion supporting air from a point below the grate and having a series of vertically arranged openings for the admission of gases evolved in theupper portion.of the magazine and having an outlet substantially at the top of the magazine, and a duct located within Athe magazine and extending through the grate and having a discharge opening under said baille for supplying supplementary air for mixture with the nrst named gases independently of gases discharged from the outlet of said flue.

7. A heater including, a casing, means forming a fuel magazine in the casing,combustion and air supply dues at opposite sides of the magazine for supplying combustion supporting air and providing a chamberfor combustionof gases evolved in burning of fuel in the lower portion of the magazine, said ilues having' openings to Dass the gases from the magazine intojthe combustion chambers of said ilues, a lbaille supported at the upper ends of said flues for controlling directional movement of any gases that may discharge from the'top-of Asaid magazine, and a down-draft duct vextending downwardly of the magazine :rom said bale for discharging spent products of combustion. g

8. A heater including, a easing, means forming a fuel magazine in the casing, a baille cover- 'ing a portion of the top ofsaidmagazine for building up temperature and controlling directional movement of gases issuing from said magazine, duct means extending vertically of the magazine and connected with an air supply space below the magazine for supplying combustion supporting air and providing a combustion chamber, said duct means having' gas inlet openings in a side thereof for gases evolved in burning of fuelin the lower portion of the magazine bustion of gases rising to the top of the magazine. 

